Water is a precious natural international resource that has almost a fixed quantum of availability. With continuous growth in the world’s population, per capita availability of utilizable water is decreasing every day. Continuous discharge of industrial effluents into different water bodies is further aggravating the problematic situation of shortage of water of acceptable quality.
Rainfall is also highly variable and occurs in specific months in different parts of the world. We need to declare water conservation as an international mission. It is very crucial and important for all countries to collectively address the problem of alarmingly progressive water shortage. This is possible only, by conserving every drop of water and by conducting water audits for all sectors of water usage.
The first step to decreasing water consumption in any industry is the identification of current water usage. The current water usage can be identified by undertaking a water audit.
Water audit can be defined as a qualitative cum quantitative analysis of water consumption which will help in the identification of reducing, reusing, and recycling water.
Water audit helps to determine the following:
- the amount of water lost from a distribution system due to leakage
- the amount of water lost due to theft,
- the amount of water lost due to unauthorized or illegal withdrawals from the systems
- the cost of such water losses to the utility.
Elements of water audit include the following
- a record of the quantity of water supplied cum stored by different sources,
- water consumption by users,
- water delivered to unmetered users,
- water loss in the system
- suggested measures to address water loss
- wastewater generated
- wastewater treated and recycled
Industrial water use audit examines the following major areas:
- water used by the industrial process,
- water used for human consumption,
- water used for personal hygiene & sanitation,
- water used for washing,
- water used for cleaning,
- water used for gardening etc.
Benefits of Water Audit:
- Water audit improves the knowledge cum documentation of the water distribution system, problem, and risk areas. The water audit also helps in tracking the movement of water after it leaves the source point.
- Leak detection programs help minimize leakages and tackling small issues before they become major ones.
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