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How is the characterization of Water bodies done? The characterization is done by classification into three major components: 1. Hydrology 2. Physical-chemistry 3. Biology.  Water quality assessment is based on the appropriate monitoring of the above three components.   Hydrodynamic features The hydrological cycle inter-connects all freshwater bodies from the atmosphere to the sea. The different stages of water ranging from rainwater to marine salt waters make the water constitute a continuum. The inland freshwaters form parts of the hydrological cycle and they appear in the form of rivers, lakes or ground-waters.  These principal types of water bodies are closely interconnected. These forms may influence each other in a direct manner, or through intermediary stages. Each of the three forms has distinctly different hydrodynamic properties. Rivers are primarily characterized by the unidirectional flow of current. This is accompanied with a relatively high...

In view of the quality of things deciding water quality, and also the good selection of variables used to describe the standing of water bodies in quantitative terms, it's tough to provide an easy definition of water quality. What is more, our understanding of water quality has evolved over the past century with the growth of water use needs and the ability to measure and interpret water characteristics. QUALITY of the aquatic environment will be outlined as • Set of concentrations, specifications, as well as physical partitions of inorganic or organic substances. • Composition as well as state of aquatic accumulation within the water body. • Description of temporal & spatial variations because of factors internal as well as external to the water body. POLLUTION of the aquatic environment will be outlined as an introduction by man, directly or indirectly, of substances or energy that lead to such harmful effects as: • harm caused to living resources, • hazards...

Water has been used by humans for different purposes from the earliest civilizations to the modern world. Let us explore the different usage of water by humans as below: Water for drinking and the disposal of wastes Water helps human beings to complete their life cycles as water is one of the essential components of cells. Rivers, lakes, and ponds were the earliest sources of water for human consumption. Water was collected for drinking and cooking from these sources. Waste was then discharged by humans onto the local land to fertilize crops. Waste was also disposed of ponds and rivers to increase the production of fish. These ponds and rivers were located downstream from settlements. Villages got developed followed gradually by towns and then finally by cities when early humans abandoned nomadic, hunter-cum-gatherer life for a more settled existence. During this time hunting was supplemented by the growth of crops. Urban planning has existed for thousands of years. However, ...

HUMANKIND has built civilizations around water. From the very beginning, we have subsisted on and resided near water. Let us explore the definition of the various forms of aquatic geology. The precise definitions could be very blurry and confusing, however. What exactly is a sound, a site, and a ghyll? What’s the difference between a bight and a bay? What are the different words for a small stream? Living on the American seacoast can make you familiar with shoals and inlets. Living in Norway or Scotland can make you familiar with the definition of the fjords or lochs respectively.  Let us explore many different types of bodies of water that define the wetter parts of the world. To understand the distinction between the most common terms for flowing water (anything with a natural current moving from high to low), it is roughly defined by size. There is an old saying which goes as, “one can step over a brook, one can jump over a creek, one can wade across a stream and on...

Water is one of the most crucial resources for the sustenance of mankind, the water industry has garnered success so far. The long term view for the water and wastewater industry is likely to be significantly different from today’s water and wastewater sector. There will be lots of challenges that must be addressed and there will also be opportunities galore for the water industry. In the oncoming years, there will be a large scale transformation of the water industry . The industry will undergo deep and profound changes. The factors that will be driving this transformation are as follows: 1. Regulatory requirements – Countries have water regulatory bodies to ensure water conservation and preservation. There is a popular saying in the workplace – ‘’What does not get measured, does not get done’’. Hence it has become crucial for all the countries to track water consumption and usage patterns. https://netsolwater.com/water-sector-opportunities-and-challenges.php?blog=4 2. Rapidl...